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EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN#1
The framework for conducting experiments, including how to formulate research questions and define variables.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE#2
The outcome measured in an experiment, expected to change when the independent variable is manipulated.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE#3
The factor manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
HYPOTHESIS#4
A testable prediction about the relationship between variables, guiding the research process.
DATA COLLECTION#5
The systematic gathering of information for analysis, crucial for validating research findings.
ETHICAL GUIDELINES#6
Standards that govern the conduct of research to protect participants' rights and welfare.
INFORMED CONSENT#7
A process ensuring participants understand the study's purpose and their rights before agreeing to participate.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS#8
The application of statistical methods to interpret and draw conclusions from collected data.
LITERATURE REVIEW#9
A comprehensive survey of existing research relevant to the study, providing context and background.
DATA INTEGRITY#10
The accuracy and consistency of collected data, essential for reliable research outcomes.
RESEARCH ETHICS#11
The moral principles guiding researchers in conducting studies responsibly and ethically.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH#12
Research focusing on understanding phenomena through non-numerical data, such as interviews.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH#13
Research involving numerical data and statistical analysis to understand phenomena.
SAMPLING METHOD#14
The technique used to select participants from a population for inclusion in a study.
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA)#15
A statistical method used to compare means among three or more groups to determine if differences exist.
PEER REVIEW#16
The evaluation of research by experts in the field to ensure quality and credibility before publication.
RESEARCH REPORT#17
A structured document presenting the methodology, findings, and implications of a research study.
DATA VISUALIZATION#18
The graphical representation of data to identify patterns and communicate findings effectively.
CONFOUNDING VARIABLE#19
An external variable that may influence the dependent variable, potentially skewing results.
RESEARCH QUESTION#20
A clear, focused question that guides the direction of a research study.
CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY#21
A type of observational study analyzing data from a population at a specific point in time.
LONGITUDINAL STUDY#22
Research conducted over a long period to observe changes and developments in the same subjects.
RESULTS SECTION#23
Part of a research report presenting the findings of the study, often including tables and figures.
DISCUSSION SECTION#24
The part of a research report where the implications of the findings are interpreted and contextualized.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY#25
The systematic approach used to conduct research, encompassing design, data collection, and analysis.
ETHICAL DILEMMAS#26
Complex situations in research where moral principles may conflict, requiring careful consideration.