The practice of protecting systems, networks, and data from digital attacks, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

A systematic evaluation of an organization's information system security, identifying vulnerabilities and compliance with policies.

Simulated cyber attacks on a system to identify vulnerabilities before malicious attackers can exploit them.

The process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks, followed by coordinated efforts to minimize, monitor, and control their impact.

A structured approach to managing and mitigating the consequences of a cybersecurity incident or breach.

A process to identify, quantify, and prioritize vulnerabilities in a system, helping to strengthen security posture.

Guidelines and standards that organizations must follow to ensure they meet legal and regulatory requirements.

Authorized practice of probing systems for vulnerabilities, aimed at improving security rather than exploiting weaknesses.

The process of identifying potential threats to a system and assessing their impact and likelihood.

Manipulative techniques used to trick individuals into divulging confidential information.

Formal document outlining an organization's security measures, procedures, and guidelines to protect information assets.

An incident where unauthorized access to data occurs, potentially leading to data loss or exposure.

Malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise computer systems.

A network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

The process of converting data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access.

The systematic process of evaluating potential risks that may be involved in a projected activity or undertaking.

A strategic document outlining actions to enhance an organization's security posture based on audit findings.

Software applications used to conduct penetration tests, such as Metasploit or Burp Suite.

A documented strategy outlining the processes to follow when a security incident occurs.

The process of involving individuals or groups who have an interest in the outcome of security assessments.

Using software tools to perform security tests and assessments automatically, improving efficiency.

The process of manually testing systems for vulnerabilities, often requiring human intuition and expertise.

Actions taken to address identified vulnerabilities and improve security measures.

Steps taken to reduce the severity or likelihood of risks identified in the risk management process.

An evaluation of whether an organization is adhering to external regulations and internal policies.

The overall cybersecurity strength of an organization, encompassing policies, controls, and defenses.