A body of law that defines crimes and their punishments, governing conduct considered harmful to society.

An in-depth analysis of a particular legal case, examining its facts, legal principles, and outcomes.

Fundamental concepts that guide the interpretation and application of law in judicial proceedings.

The system of courts and other governmental entities that administer justice by enforcing laws.

Moral principles that influence decisions and actions in legal practices, particularly in criminal law.

Written laws enacted by legislative bodies, serving as the foundation for legal rules.

Law established by the outcome of former court cases, serving as a precedent for future cases.

Legal arguments and strategies employed by the accused to challenge the prosecution's case.

The legal party responsible for presenting the case against an accused individual in a criminal trial.

The judicial determination of a punishment for a convicted individual, based on legal guidelines.

A legal decision or case that serves as an authoritative rule or pattern for future similar cases.

The judicial examination of evidence and legal arguments to determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant.

Information presented in court to support or refute a legal argument, including witness testimonies and documents.

A legal process where a higher court reviews the decision of a lower court for errors.

A group of citizens tasked with evaluating evidence and rendering a verdict in a trial.

An individual who provides testimony in court regarding their knowledge of the case.

A lawyer specializing in defending individuals accused of crimes, ensuring their legal rights are protected.

The obligation of a party in a legal dispute to prove their claims or allegations.

Rights read to an arrested individual, informing them of their rights to silence and legal counsel.

An agreement in which a defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge to receive a lighter sentence.

A legal principle ensuring that a person can report an unlawful detention or imprisonment.

The legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights owed to a person.

Compensation ordered by the court for the victim of a crime, intended to restore them to their original position.

Classifications of crimes, typically divided into felonies, misdemeanors, and infractions.

Fundamental rights and freedoms protected from infringement by the government.

A court-imposed sanction allowing a convicted individual to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in prison.