A formal style of writing used in universities and scholarly publications, characterized by clear, concise, and structured content.

The systematic approach to collecting and analyzing data, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative methods.

A comprehensive survey of existing research on a specific topic, identifying gaps and establishing context for new research.

The process of inspecting, cleaning, and modeling data to discover useful information and support decision-making.

Techniques for effectively communicating research findings, including structuring content and engaging the audience.

A research method focused on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences through non-numeric data.

A research method that involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to identify patterns and test theories.

Specific questions guiding a research project, aimed at addressing gaps in existing knowledge.

The framework for collecting and analyzing data, determining the methodology, and outlining the study's structure.

Guidelines ensuring the integrity and ethical treatment of participants in research projects.

The practice of giving credit to original authors for their ideas and research, following specific formatting styles.

A writing format established by the American Psychological Association, commonly used in social sciences.

A writing format established by the Modern Language Association, often used in humanities disciplines.

The systematic gathering of information for analysis and interpretation in research.

The application of statistical methods to interpret data and draw conclusions.

The process of analyzing non-numeric data to identify patterns and themes.

The process of reviewing written content for errors in grammar, punctuation, and formatting.

Constructive criticism provided by colleagues or peers to improve the quality of academic work.

A structured framework for organizing the content of a presentation to ensure clarity and flow.

Graphical elements like slides or charts used to enhance understanding and engagement during presentations.

A document summarizing the learning journey, insights gained, and future goals following a research project.

A formal presentation of research findings to an audience, typically involving a Q&A session.

The level of insight and critical thinking demonstrated in analyzing research data and findings.

A well-organized document that presents research findings, including sections like introduction, methodology, and discussion.

Strategies used to captivate and maintain the audience's attention during a presentation.